What is the main function of AFC in frequency modulation systems?

In frequency modulation (FM) systems, the primary function of Automatic Frequency Control (AFC) is to maintain frequency stability. AFC serves to automatically adjust and stabilize the frequency of the carrier signal. This is crucial because variations in frequency can lead to distortion or degradation in signal quality. By keeping the frequency precisely aligned with that of the incoming signal, AFC helps ensure that the demodulation process works as intended, leading to clearer and more reliable transmission and reception of data.

Maintaining frequency stability is particularly important in environments where signals might experience interference or drift due to temperature changes, aging components, or other factors that can affect oscillator performance. Therefore, the role of AFC is fundamental in ensuring that the FM system functions effectively, preserving the integrity of the transmitted signal and thereby enhancing overall communication performance.