In radio frequency technology, which modulation technique is less susceptible to noise?

Frequency modulation is less susceptible to noise due to the way it encodes information. In frequency modulation, the information is conveyed by varying the frequency of the carrier wave, rather than the amplitude. This is significant because many types of noise that can affect radio signals tend to impact the amplitude more than the frequency. As a result, frequency modulation provides better sound quality and clarity, especially in environments where noise is present, making it a preferred choice in various applications such as FM radio broadcasting.

In contrast, amplitude modulation is more vulnerable to noise since any noise that affects the amplitude of the signal can directly distort the information being transmitted. Phase modulation, while also offering some resistance to noise, primarily relies on variations in the phase of the wave, which can be more complex to decode and less effective in high-noise environments than frequency modulation. Pulse width modulation has different applications mainly within digital circuits and is not typically used in the context of radio frequency transmission in the same way as frequency or amplitude modulation. Thus, frequency modulation stands out as the best option for maintaining signal integrity in noisy conditions.